Business information for Fly Guys about Excel Spreadsheet and Access Assignment

Business information for wing Guys about Excel Spreadsheet and Access Database - Assignment ExampleIn contrast, the Excel spreadsheets would keep displaying messages about a locked file and this might intimidate the passengers in addition to contributing to time wastage. Thus, Access database application is a better alternative as pertains to the support of the booking operations. Second, Access database uses structured query languages (SQL) to manipulate records. An fifty-fifty more striking aspect of this future is that the end-user can tailor the queries to suit the business needs. For example, it is possible generating reports base on criteria such as passengers involved in half journeys, passengers involved in full journeys and passengers who argon most loyal to fly Guys. On the other hand, Excel spreadsheets lack such fascinating features. unstated in this is the point that a business which embraces Excel as an information management tool is possible to be restricted with regards to generating reports that can support business goals. So, MS Access database is better placed to get wind the custom report generation needs at Fly Guys. Another reason why Fly Guys would need to focus on MS Access to address the custom report needs is its scalability and flexibility. In brief, Access can scale well and communicate seamlessly with nearly all other 21st vitamin C relational databases via open database connectivity (ODBC) connections. The only prerequisite for this capability is for the involved database administrator to have a total knowledge of the Fly Guys-owned MS Access database file. As Beskeen (2010) puts it, MS Access is a better filling when it comes to information storage. In general, the applications capabilities come in handy when a need arises to neckcloth information for a more elaborated time. This aspect suits the operation at Fly Guys because the records handled will inevitably rise.

Men and women struggle with gender expectations when balancing family Essay

workforce and wo hands struggle with gender expectations when balancing family and ca-ca - Essay ExampleThe women participation regularize increased but still lower than for men. The growth in women participation as put ship by Worell (1182) includes improved education attainment, declining wages for men, declining family size, liberalization of perception of roles performed by men and women within the family as well as increased cost of living. Men and women take up different jobs at the work place. Most women atomic number 18 employed in the service sector with lowly nonrecreational wages and atomic number 18 r arely offered management positions. Men on the some other hand, work in sectors that require a helping of skills such(prenominal) as engine room and construction where they are highly salaried and also take up senior positions in the organizations. Gender pay gap also exists in the workplace where women are paid less than men in performing the same tasks. This ca n be attributed to gender stereotyping of roles which also leads to women winning up much workload at menage and at the workplace. Women thus encounter more challenges than men while trying to balance family and work. Gender Gender differences play an important role in determine the challenges faced by men and women in balancing family and work and how the challenges are negotiated. Traditionally, men performed heavy tasks such as hunting and gathering while women performed simple tasks and this continues to impact on their daily lives and modern occupational activities where jobs are offered in line with gender stereotype and role (Powell & Graves, 69). Women also were supposed to take take of their families while the men worked to provide for the family the men were regarded as breadwinners and the women as care givers. This was attributed to biological factors where men are considered masculine and have good leadership skills. Women on the other hand are feminine in nature s o are caring and nurturing and always want to help others. As a result, women are employed in service sector where they interact with people and help them such as education, health and as care givers. Men get jobs in sectors such as defense, construction, electrical work and engineering and take up leadership roles just as expected by the society (Powell & Graves, 76). Gender thus plays a role in determining occupational preferences of couples. Gender stereotyping also affects employers attitudes towards employees. It affects the HR procedures such as hiring, training and development, and promotion. There are those roles expected to be played by men and others for women and this affects recruitment decisions although discrimination based on gender is prohibited. Some employers view women as having more activities at home and therefore work for shorter time than men hence hindering their training and career advancement and consequently promotion decisions. The much emphasis put on women as homemakers affects their job preference whereby they prefer tractile working schedules and shorter working days as compared to men. Men as breadwinners are supposed to work and hence are accorded much search time for jobs and eventually get well paying jobs. Women on the other hand, have limited time to search for jobs and thus end up in lowly paid jobs and this affects work life balance as they dont have enough to provide for their families (Powell & Graves, 79). Challenges Men and women are faced with various challenges as they struggle with

The Tools That Are Used By the European Central Bank (ECB) To Increase Essay

The Tools That Are Used By the European key Bank (ECB) To Increase the Money Supply in the Economy - Essay ExampleThis paper illust vagabonds that the European central bank whitethorn use buying securities as a animal to increase the property supply in the euro area. This is with the informal market actions. The ECB may affect the supply of money through selling or buying the European government securities, by the use of open market open market operations. When the ECB purchases the government securities from the general public, it will do so using the money that was not in existence in the system. This will make the bank reserves to increase or rise and in turn, will make the money supply to increase. For example, when the European Central Bank has an open market operation through buying or selling government securities and when it purchase these government securities from the public, it does so using the vanished money. Consequently, this makes the reserves in the bank to ri se, and as a result, this increases the supply of money. The European central bank may increase the supply of the money by making the reserve rate to be lower. The ECB can do this through the formulae of the Required Reserve Ratio. Through this ratio, banks are able to know the required and specific come up which they must hold as the reserve through all the deposits and have limits to the amount that the banks will tote up out to its customers. If this ratio is increased by the ECB, the money deposits will have to be few, therefore just limiting the amount available to the public. The European Central Bank may decrease the discount rate so as to increase the money supply. For example, banks may have to scoop out funds when they need them. If the banks borrow from the ECB, an interest rate will be paid which is known as Discount rate. Another tool that can be used by the ECB to increase the supply of money in the delivery is the divulgeing or producing of more money. Though t he ECB may decide to increase the money supply in the economy through the selling of securities to the public, a majority of the public prefer hoarding money thus the money in circulation becomes less. It is for this reason and may be less availability of money that the ECB may decide to publish more money to increase the money supply in the economy.

Qaulity Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Qaulity Paper - Essay ExampleIt is central to separate the fact that these indicators are a reveals certain features and characteristics of breast feeding anguish such(prenominal) as organization, procedure, and results of treat care. care for sensitive indicators are classified or categorized into three i.e. organizational, procedural, and results based indicators. Organizational indicators include issues such as in fitting personnel, take aim of abilities, talents, and expertise of nursing personnel, and level of edification, qualifications, and official recognition. Procedural indicators assess the procedures use in identification of disease, intercession, and contentment of nursing personnel. Result based indicators focuses on the value and magnitude of the nursing care (Marquis & Huston, 2011). This paper focuses on the supply of nursing personnel as a sensitive indicator. Staffing level To understand what makes the supply of adequate amounts of personnel in nursing a nu rsing sensitive issue, it is important to posit that many countries have imposed compulsory nursing supplying levels. Staffing level is nursing sensitive as it is a major determinant of nursing outcome. Results from studies done in the past have elucidated the importance of having adequate levels of staff in nursing practice. First, adequate levels of personnel in nursing have a affirmative impact on the overall effect of nursing care. For instance, it has been proved to reduce the number of deaths. Adequate amounts of staff or personnel also ensures that sick individuals receive quality care, and also boosts competence and ensures good organization of nursing practice. Secondly there is a gritty chance or probability of nursing care in institutions with limited personnel to be unsuccessful as compared to institutions with adequate levels of staff (Montalvo, 2007). Previous methodical investigations and studies have shown the direct relationship between adequate supply of nurses as closely as other(a) medical personnel providing nursing care and enhanced or better results from nursing care, enhanced staffing levels and precaution and preservation of nursing personnel, and monetary gains to managers as well as to the society in general. This is what makes staffing levels in nursing a sensitive issue. The level of nursing care is affected by inadequate amounts of nursing personnel. investigate has shown that institutions that give accounts to the impingement on nursing care have been proved to be overwhelmed by the mellow levels of patients wanting medical attention as a result of inadequate staffing. Adequate staffing in nursing care leads to contentment in both patients and nursing personnel. Adequate staffing also boosts motivation among nurses as well as other personnel involved in nursing care as the nurses are traffic with the amount of work within their abilities (Nakrem et-al, 2009). Understaffing leads to pressure as the nurses are dealing wit h much work than they gage handle. Workers who lack motivation may resign and go in search of other opportunities. Offering high quality care will consequently lead to financial gains as more patients will seek treatment in a health institution offering specialized and high quality care. measuring stick of staffing level Staffing level is measure through assessing and computing the fraction of overall hours presented by each of the nurses in practice in a

Primary nursing and quality assurance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Primary nurse and quality assurance - Essay sampleDo referred to the act of executing the test trial on a small scale. Studying the results of the single-valued function and the reasons for it going wrong was the next step. The act implied that substitute could be accepted for future implementation or if it was not favorable, it could be abandoned. The repeated processes of this PDSA cycle were bound to lead to evolution of evidence-based practice. Demming first introduced the PDSA cycle in 1988. In essence the objective of a change could guide us in the planning of a small-scale trial. Appropriate questions and predictions needed to be derived for answering the relevant questions of who or what or where or when, spare-time activity the implementation of the plan. In do the plan was carried out and data were collected. The analysis also came under the do phase. Study included the analysis and interpretation of the data obtained (Melnyk and Fineout-Overholt, 2010). A summary of t he new information beautiful the findings. Under act, the nurse decided which of her concepts were acceptable for bringing about a favorable change and also planned her next cycle for further information for future change. Clinical research was of the essence(p) to keep checking on predictions and hypotheses as they could go wrong at any time. Reality had to be set about we could have been mistaken. Placing the facts inferred for others to judge is part of the game. Patients for dialysis in the outpatient department were usually too tired or pale to participate in any active trial. They were end-stage renal disease patients who required dialysis. The dialysis procedure was of utmost brilliance for maintaining the life of these patients (Doss et al, 2009). The patients could be having multiple comorbidities which needed individual attention to produce a successful outcome. timberland assurance in nursing was possible only with repeated researches but in an outpatient dialysis center, the question arose as to whether it was possible to do so. Clinical research was an arduous task in the outpatient dialysis clinic where the staff was already industrious and focusing on terminal patients (Doss, 2009). Research procedures were too sensitive to time protocols and the rigidity could produce problems in the dialysis setting. There was a strong doubt as to whether the staff would understand the importance of ongoing research and trials. The chances of them not accepting that research as a component of end-stage renal disease were high. Would the data collection be expected in time? was the question many of the staff had. The biggest worry was whether the care to the patients would be interfered with. The terminology of research was also most unfamiliar to the staff. The extra work could produce a challenge environment with a huge tight schedule (Doss, 2009). The strengths and limitations of the quality assurance process of old nursing The quality of care pro vided by nurses was done by evaluating the process standards (Stanhope and Lancaster, 2006). Different agencies employed specific techniques for judgement of nursing care. The peer review committee and client satisfaction survey constituted two primary approaches. Direct observation could provide some information on the nursing care. In the outpatient dialysis clinic it would not be possible for questionnaires, interviews or written audits as the patients were terminal and could not appreciate other interferences. However

Facebook Influence Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Facebook Influence - query Paper Exampleund to have an influence on the mortalality, as people have learnt to sh atomic number 18 the happenings of their life, their conjure of mind, mood swings and vent out their stress and hard feelings, without having to wait for a live audience or an opportune time. Spending time on Facebook is also found to be a way of overcoming the coldness and inhibitions posed by direct communication methods. It is a way of opening up a persons personality, making him/her more neighborlyly overt and expressive. This is done to the extent of revealing private information, scarcely for the widely published consequences of disclosing such data (Aral, and Walker 337-41).An analysis of the site brought forth the proposition that fe manly users are more influenced by it and consider Facebook an essential part of their daily routine as compared to their male counterparts. The social well-being of women is influenced by the usage of Facebook, as they feel mor e related to their distant friends and relatives by means of the site. This is all the more true in case of people in single and divorced status. some other vital observation on the influence of Facebook is that it is leading to a wave of networked progression of culture, interactions and connections (Aral, and Walker 337-41). These factors are in turn making way for a certain amount of uniformity among the users, as social networking has become a vehicle for dissemination of behavioral modes and

Identity Conflicts Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Identity Conflicts - Research Paper ExampleThe colorizing effect of the movie is considered as a racial metaphor (Johnson). This conflict has been resolved when people realize the essence of evaluate turns, oddly when it concerns multiculturalism. Man versus himself is overly a conflict in the rent, such as when Mary Sue grapples with a new identity. She resolves this when she bears the new her- the self who wants to study and know more about the world. The conflict of man versus bon ton arises, because of the conflict between the traditional Pleasantville values and new, radical values. The people resolve this by also subscribe toing the existence of a new, pluralistic world. The film uses several symbolisms to depict ingrained and social changes. One of the symbols of internal change is the use of the reverberate. During the hearing of Bud and Bills graffiti, the mayor becomes colorized. Betty throws her facial powder mirror to Bud and the mayor sees that he also changed. He has felt anger, which is an unpleasant emotion. Another symbol is the suntan tree. This tree burns after Betty reaches her depression sexual climax. The tree stands for the tree of knowledge, because Betty consumes about sex for the first time. For Pleasantville, sex is a sin and when Betty sexually gratifies herself, she partakes in this sin. When the tree burned, she achieves complimentarydom from the norms and the will to pursue person changes. The rain with bolts of lightning symbolizes social changes. The storm acts to clean aside the Pleasantvilles superficiality. It is ironic that the rain is washing away the purity of Pleasantville, which is also its impurity. After the rain, the teenagers all turned into color because they felt what it is like to be free and to... This work helps the audience relate to the characters, because it depicts various gender, racial, and identity issues. Pleasantville conditions people to think and act as one. The light classes in the fi lm argon the colored ones. A civilization is the highest cultural grouping of people and the broadest aim of cultural identity people drop short of that which distinguishes humans from other species. The film shows, however, that this utopia is false. People should accept that they can change, as well as others too.Afterwards, while Pleasantville people are experiencing changes, combinations of black-and-white and colored are used. Ross employed framing to explain how people see themselves and others and how they relate to other people too. The editing and change of scenes hasten as Pleasantville changes increasingly. The diegetic sounds are used mostly for Pleasantville before the changes in the people. Non-diegetic sounds are more added, because of the electric shock of external changes on the people. Weber depicted a multicultural society, where people accept different forms of personalities. Pleasantville is also transformed to a multicultural identity. Pleasantville transfor ms from a single culture to a multicultural society, when people learn to accept social and individual changes as part of reality and human nature.The implicit content of the film is that people are not always ready to acknowledge and accept changes. Pleasantville underscores that people should learn to accept the existence of different, even conflicting, identities and cultures, because in reality, people are not black or white, since they also have their own individual and cultural identities. Ross questions traditional ideals that reinforce tyrannical control. It tells people that utopia is not utopia without free will.

Www.ideo.com and www.kickstarter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Www.ideo.com and www.kickstarter - Essay ExampleKickstarter.com has a terrific vision making dreams into realities. Projects, inventive ideas and other dream endeavors become reality with the funding that could be provided by kickstarter.com. Looking closely at the reviews for kickstarter.com, the website both has good and cast out reviews. For the good reviews, the website was able to materialize projects would not have left the trestle dining table if it was not funded through kickboard. One of the projects was the Dewey Mac, Kid Detective Book which is a make DIY (do it yourself) and STEM spot Gadget (Carroll). The idea was to make children experiment from STEM (Science, Technology and Math) experiences to be able to play the game. The histrion would be building real working toys such as foxhole radio and glass atrial auricle from materials that could be readily found at home. In the process, it strengthens the STEM skills of children while having fun. The kit received seve ral(a) awards which could not have been possible without kickstarter.coms attention. Another project that materialized through kickstarter.com was the Foodie Dice twist with your food project (Tumbleweeds). The idea was to inspire cooking combinations from the dice by merely rolling them. It is cool of 5 primary dice and 4 seasonal veggie dice that could produce creative concoctions by merely rolling them. The project receive $86,371 pledges and 2,333 backers (Tumbleweeds). III. Conclusion There be also some negative reviews about kickstarter.com such as non-notification of projects that it dropped that confuses the creators (sitejabber.com). But comparing these operational glitches to the benefit that kickstarter.com does to creative slew, it is negligible. People in general are still grateful to the help that kickstarter.com extends to the creative. In sum, kickstarter.com serves as a bridge mingled with people who have great ideas who does not have the resources to material ize it and those people who have resources who would alike(p) to help creative to materialize their ideas. Part II I. Title www.ideo.com II. Introduction Ideo.com also deals with creative ideas just like kickstarter.com except that it does not search for fund those ideas into reality but rather help its customers to tap on their latent creativity to realize their creativity. Ideo is a design and innovation consultancy company founded in Palo Alto, California in 1991 by David Kelley, a Stanford Professor, Moggridge Associates, Matrix Design and Steelcase. Its current CEO is Tim Brown. It offers its consultancy services to its clients to help them design their products. Among the products committed with Ideo are futuristic PDS, sports watches and media panel (ideo.com). They call it creative confidence or design thinking where people discover their inherent creativity and transform them into a positive force in an organization (ideo.com). Compared to kickstarter.com where they look funding to help creative ideas materialize, ideo.com brings out the creativity of people by actively engaging with their customers in the design of their products. III. Body Ideo.com can be classified as a cutting edge company in terms of design. Many of the known brands and popular products that we are using right now are in fact designed by the company. Among these companies are Samsung and British Airways. They collaborate with its customers and help them come up with a design and innovation that is consistent with the brand of their customers. IDEO integrate the needs of people, the possibility of technology and the sine qua non of business success as its approach to industrial design. It helps its customers

Guide Of Using Of Internet For Patient Assignment

Guide Of Using Of Internet For patient role - Assignment ExampleAgatha is a twenty-eight-year-old unite woman. She has been married for one year now and has non had desire yet. Agatha misses her menses and goes to the hospital for medical check-up and examination. A laboratory test conducted in the laboratory reveals that Agatha is about trio weeks pregnant. Three weeks on, Agatha goes to the hospital again and she is asked to go and take a scan of her gestation period because it is a untested hospital. When Agatha goes to take the scan, the result is that the fetus is not seen. The morning before the scan, Agatha saw blood stains in her panty. Agatha comes central office from the hospital very worried because the vivify did not give her much information about the devil experiences she had today expect that she is given a referral date. She is very desperate to get information because this is her first pregnancy and she is very nave about this virgin health concern. Her gre atest fear is that there are some(prenominal) cases of miscarriage in her family and so she is hardly confused and needs more information.As a family member, health practitioner and someone very old(prenominal) with the use of the internet, I would recommend the website, http//www.womenshealth.gov/pregnancy/ for Agatha. On the contrary, I would advise Agatha against visiting http//wiki.answers.com/Q/FAQ/443. My choice of website for Agatha is base on the guidelines given on the first page. The Womens Health Website (2011) is recommended because of a number of reasons1. The website is a government-hosted website.... s (2007) Scenario and Recommendations It is appreciated by the NSW Department of Education and Training (2011) that the growth of the macrocosm Wide Web to more than 2 billion web pages derives searching and finding information standardised trying to find the proverbial needle in a haystack. Likely, there are search engines that make the search of information ver y simple. Agatha is a twenty eight year old married woman. She has been married for one year now and has not had conception yet. Agatha misses her menses and goes to the hospital for medical check up and examination. Laboratory test conducted at the laboratory reveals that Agatha is about three weeks pregnant. Three weeks on, Agatha goes to the hospital again and she is asked to go and take a scan of her pregnancy because it is a new hospital. When Agatha goes to take the scan, the result is that the fetus is not seen. The morning before the scan, Agatha saw blood stains in her panty. Agatha comes home from the hospital very worried because the doctor did not give her much information about the two experiences she had today expect that she is given a referral date. She is very desperate to get information because this is her first pregnancy and she is very naive about this new health concern. Her greatest fear is that there are several cases of miscarriage in her family and so she i s simply confused and needs more information. As a family member, health practitioner and someone very familiar with the use of the internet, I would recommend the website, http//www.womenshealth.gov/pregnancy/ for Agatha. On the contrary, I would advise Agatha against visiting http//wiki.answers.com/Q/FAQ/443. My choice of website for Agatha is based on the guidelines given on the first page. The Womens Health Website (2011) is

BRAZIL'S EMERGING ECONOMY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

BRAZILS EMERGING ECONOMY - Essay ExampleThe soil weathered the global financial ceding back, which had insignificant effects on brazil economy because, it was one of the survive to fall in to recession during 2008 and among the first to resume the growth in 2009. Brazils realize Domestic Product has grown from 7.5% in 2010 to 2.7% 2011, and despite to the global hold back, the domestic market in Brazil have become strong, hence reducing vulnerability to the external crisis (The World Bank Group, 1). therefore, the citizens of Brazil are benefiting from the stability of their economical growth, with relatively low inflation rate and improved social well-being.There are limits of potential growth and significant advances in the economy, which are attributed to institutional reforms, noninflationary growth that is derailed by barriers, prescript and insufficiency in infrastructure and poor business climate (Jimenez, Gmez Sabaini and Podest, 38). Quality of Brazilian government services concerning the expenditure is relatively lower than other middle-income countries, and country launched a growth acceleration cast in 2007, which focused on increasing investment in infrastructure, and offering tax incentives to facilitate economic growth. The plan led to a 7.5 % growth in 2010, and resilience to the crisis experienced in 2009, and insignificant recession among developed and emerging economies in 2011 (OECD, 3).Nevertheless, the growth has facilitated challenges, whereby the country is anticipating hosting the World Cup in 2014 and Olympics Games, in 2016, hence this is requiring significant investment in urban and social development, and transport infrastructure. Moreover, Brazil has experienced substantial regional differences in the social indicators like health, infant mortality and nutrition (Sean, 1). There are richer south and southeastward regions, which are experiencing reliable indicators than the poorer North and Northeast thus, the poverty le vel

Why Foreign Investors Need to Look at Political Risks in India Essay

Why Foreign Investors fill to Look at Political Risks in India - Essay ExampleSome of the emerging food markets that have captured the watchfulness of intellectuals around the realism atomic number 18 china, India, Brazil, Russia, Mexico, Indonesia and Turkey. Among the above list, China and India are the markets with the greatest potential. These are the markets where companies enter for pronto return on investments. Even though emerging markets generally do not have the train of market efficiency and strict standards in accounting and securities regulation like advanced economies -- such as the United States, Europe and Japan -- they are most sought after by investors for the prospect of high returns, as they often experience faster economic harvest-tide as measured by GDP. (Rediff Business, 2011) Chinas economy is the fastest growing economy in the world at present. Similarly, Indias growth rate is expected to surpass even that of Japan. Studies by various organisations show that the emerging market economies are set to overtake all the G7 economies by 2020. Such studies do have enough reasons to substantiate their views. This analyze will deal with the strategic expansion of IKEA with its Greenfield operations in India. India had recently opened up its market for 100% Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the retail sector. IKEA did not waste even a day after the decision, the company has started framing board room strategies for the Indian market. Company IKEA is undoubtedly the worlds largest furniture retailer. Though furniture is its flagship product, it is too one of the largest home furnishing retailers in the world. The Company which was naturalised in 1943 is headquartered in Leiden, Netherlands. What make IKEA different from the competitors are its modern and unique furniture designs. Moreover, IKEA designs are also eco-friendly compared to the competitors. When it comes to managerial efficiency and vision, IKEA is a benchmark for any ba rteres. The company gives extreme focus to cost discipline and product development because of which they are fit conquer new markets without much effort. Cost control gives them an bite over the pricing. The regular product development helps them to keep pace with the changing trends. IKEA has been on a continuous growth path ever since its inception. The story is no different in 2012 too. Net profit at the privately-held Swedish firm, known the world over for low-price, self-assembly, flat-packed furniture, rose 10.3 percent to 2.97 billion euros ($3.8 billion) in the year to fit August. (Reuters, 2012) Russia, China and Poland were the countries that contributed more to the overall sales of the company. This huge increase in profit is despite of the rise in raw literal prices. Even at a very high raw material cost the company did not pass it on to the customers. It continued supplying products at lower prices as it used to be. The company is planning for about 3 billion eur os of investments worldwide in the coming years. IKEA has effected its product portfolio in such a way that even during a slump in pick out due to economic problems, there are products that are focussed on the cost conscious customers. Because of this, IKEA is able to maintain sales and market share even during a slump in the economy. IKEA is now focussed on its strategy for the emerging markets such as China, India and Russia. Investment Unlike many other companies, IKEA wants their business units to be under their sole ownership. They are not ready for partnering with a domestic player which is why they backed out from Indian market entry years before (India permitted only 51% FDI in retail then). They enter the market with a careful study and examination of the market from

Explain how the Cold War influenced the American government's decision Essay

Explain how the Cold War influenced the American governments decision to fight in Vietnam - turn up ExampleHowever, this time in which the U.S. operates as the only superpower and therefore the worlds ascendent force, known as the unipolar moment was first, superficial to begin with and second, fleeting. The Soviet Unions ease up left the U.S. as the lone superpower and it quickly showed a willingness to operate unilaterally when pursuing its interests. Those in Washington who believed that superpower status was equal to a unipolar international system justified devising decisions without the cumbersome involvement of allies. (Hogan, 2004 p.2) This unipolar moment was, of course, a myth because a gap has always existed betwixt the U.S.s armed forces capacity and its capability to control world events to its liking.The U.S. certainly enjoyed and took full political returns of the widely accepted perception of its unipolar status following the Cold Wars end. It is this percepti on, this myth that should be examined when attempting to understand the concept of a world superpower and its limitations in an era of globalization. A unipolar world never existed, it was a term made up by observers that only saw the come out of the closet effects of the Cold Wars end. The U.S. was also referred to as the first hyperpower by the French merely both of these terms are misleading at best and if believed, especially by the U.S., dangerous, as has been shown by the arrogance displayed in the invasion of Iraq. There are other descriptions of the supposed power wielded by the U.S. including loss leader of the free world and indispensable power that should be re-thought when defining Americas political line in the world community today. A vast disparity exists between Americas comprehend capacity to wage war and its actual capability to twist events in accordance with its ambitions. The potential military power and technological edge the U.S. has over all other nation s

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Corporate tender tariff (CSR) - Essay ExampleThe second explore account titled Corporate social responsibility brand leadership a multiple case study has been directed towards using existing research and studies that provide frameworks for the analysis of CSR as a tool for brand leadership strategy. The existing literature is back up by a qualitative study of five UK based firms that have a significant marketplace sh be, successful brand strategies and a very active CSR.The paper is organized in two split where each part is dedicated to one research paper. The analysis is organized as presenting the research strategy, methods, findings, assumptions, and overall quality of the research paper. The analysis also makes suggestions for improvement after the analysis. The main argument of this research paper is to critically analyze the two research papers based on qualitative studies and suggest drawbacks that could be improvised for a more comprehensive study.The paper uses Grun igs situational theory of publics for the purpose of analysis of cases presented at heart the paper (Byrd, 2009). The framework within the theory helps in creating a single case study with three different aspects of analysis. The research is conducted by way of exhaustive interviews conducted with the senior counselors of each of the two American companies that are under analysis. The primary document analysis is focused completely on the communication of the progress reports presented to the orbicular compact unit on a semiannual basis by each participating member. The collateral analysis is conducted by way of materials and documents produced by the agencies which also include speeches, articles and presentations for the purpose of business publication.The key research question is to find out the dynamics that were responsible for company realization that such coalition was for the turn a profit of the organization. The second

Performance appraisal system and performance management system Essay

functioning idea frame and cognitive process attention system - Essay ExamplePerformance management systems refer to measures that the organization has put in place with the aim of establishing what employees ought to do in a certain period. For example, it can constitute measures on how the employee should perform in the adjacent quarter of a year, the next sixth months, or the next one year. A consummation management system outlines what should be met inside a certain time frame, as considerably as the benefits that accrue to employees when they meet these objectives (Grote 1996, p.17). Differences surrounded by surgical procedure Appraisal System and Performance Management System There are certain differences, which exist between performance appraisal systems and performance management systems. These differences represent the most fundamental components of the two approaches, as well as how the two approaches differ in terms of what they address. The major differences be tween performance appraisal and performance management systems lies in the scope of what they aim to cover. While performance management systems represent a traditionalistic approach to the management of human imagerys, performance management can be termed as a contemporary approach to the management of human imagings (Rao 2004, p. 213). ... 333). During performance appraisal, the principal activities that the human resource department engages in accept evaluating employees, as well as rating their performance. On the contrary, performance management aims at the review, analysis, and planning of the anticipate performance of employees, and how an employee should make improvements (Deb 2006, p.201). While performance management can be regarded as a dogging process within the organisation, performance appraisal takes place in an annual basis. In performance management, on that point may be reviews that take place quarterly while, in performance appraisal, the review of the empl oyee takes place one time a year. However, there may be periodic ratings of employees in the course of the year (Rao 2004, p.214). Performance appraisal is a function entirely performed by the human resource department of the organisation. This means that the human resource department has the responsibility to design, evaluates, as well as monitor the implementation of the performance appraisal system (Roberts 2003, p.89). On the contrary, the performance management system can be designed by the human resource department, but the implementation of the system can be done by the various departments. In performance appraisal systems, there are reviews that may be conducted to ensure that the ratings of employees enhance objectivity. In performance management systems, the reviews serve the purpose of ensuring that the organization improves its performance (Waal & Counet, 2009). In performance appraisal, the need for making development is determine when the year ends. During performanc e management, the need for development can easily be

Chapter 4, 5 assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Chapter 4, 5 - Assignment ExampleThe techniques used for this model are simple series moving averages and weighted moving averages where data from past periods are summed and divided by the number of time periods. The only difference among simple and weighted moving averages fall on more weights being placed on more recent data for the latter technique.Finally, the cause and effect model assumes that factors are related to demand and that relationships between cause and effect are used to estimate future demands. Techniques for this model are simple and threefold regressions where distinguishing factor depends on the number of variables. For simple, there is only one variable while for multiple, the demand is symbiotic on more than one variable.The enamour forecasting technique or model considers varying factors, to fun current situation, time and funds available, and accuracy of the technique. As initially proffered, the judgmental approach is most appropriate for the introdu ction of new product were no historical data is available. For example, a global organization quest to expand in a new market, with no previous experience, could use judgmental forecasting. Should the organization select to conduct a survey to realise the possible demand for a new product, the company moldiness consider time, money and efforts for doing so.Another forecasting issue is determining the accuracy of the forecast. For the analog technique, the company requires development a similar product or service to project the future demand of their own product. For example, a company planning to market bottled water uses the performance of a competitive product of the same qualities to establish demand. Some factors could be similar but the company must consider location of the target market, as well as other environmental factors that could influence demand.The following product characteristics influence packaging and materials handling physical characteristics,

Reaction paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Reaction paper - Assignment Exampleot just a racialist but also a narrow-minded and petty individual, cannot accept the position that her American family is just as successful as Boyds African American family.Leo Tolstoys The Three Hermits, on the former(a) hand, is a story that strongly criticizes the power of religious institutions. It narrates the encounter of the Archbishop with the tether strangely looking sure-enough(a) men, or three hermits, living on a remote island. The Archbishop, who first heard the story of the three hermits from the helmsman, insists on sailing towards the location of the hermits to meet them. Finally, when they all meet the Archbishop endeavors to teach the three hermits a prayer, which the Archbishop believes to be a more powerful prayer than the simple prayer of the hermits. However, it appears that the three hermits are in fact more powerful than the Archbishop, or anybody else who recites the prayers taught by religious institutions, when the her mits are seen doing a miraculous deed outpouring upon the sea as upon dry land. The story of The Three Hermits implies that the direct relationship of people with God is as yet more powerful and superior than any religious dogma, and that people should not permit anyone including those institutions with authority to apologise their moral

Principles of communication in adult care setting Essay Example for Free

Principles of communication in adult c be setting EssayOutcome 1 in that respect are many another(prenominal) different reasons that people communicate this maybe to let someone know that they are hungry or to say that they are unwell, it maybe that someone would just like to have a talk, people often communicate to voice their opinions and sometime to influence and motivate others. Communication is a major(ip) part of our active lives and is a social activity. It maybe verbal though speech, reading and writing or nonverbal though body manner of speaking. Good communication throughout adult social bang shadower only have a positive outcome. It creates a good working environment for both provide and the item-by-items we support, it can help all involved to relay messages to one another and other professionals to help the soulfulnesss we support, gravid confidence and trust.Read more Reasons to communicateessayOutcome 2Every Individual is an various(prenominal) and shoul d be treated so. However in some circumstances this may be difficult to reduce immediately. You need to establish if an individual is deaf/mute, or suffers from other disabilities which may impair there language and or communication skills. These can be overcome when you make an effort to establish the need of an individual. oratory slowly and clearly and whilst looking at the individual, will allow the individual to respond according to their needs/preferences. A range of communication methods are Body language, eye contact, facial expressions, non verbal and verbal communication. spirit of voice, pitch of voice, gestures, hand and body, and British sign language. It is important to respond to an individuals reactions when communication beca engross of the individuals needs. So you can provide an accurate response, to promote empathy and a shared understanding to vacate the individual becoming more distressed, frustrated or confused.Outcome 3Individuals from different backgro unds will use communication in different shipway by construe things in different ways, what may be accepted to oneculture may be completely different to another. It is important to refer to care plans to ensure that individual cultural beliefs are respected. Some barriers can be difficult to overcome, in many communications, the message may not be received the way that the sender originally intended. It is vital that the communicator seeks feedback to determine that their message was clearly understood. Barriers may occur at any stage in the communication process, messages may become distorted or misunderstood, this can cause confusion, the use of jargon, over complicated or foreign words. Lack of attention, interest or distractions.Physical disabilities, such as hearing or speech difficulties.Non-verbal communication.unfamiliar accents/ language.Overcoming barriers in communications can be done by ensuring that individuals needs and/or disabilities are known thoroughly and time and care is taken to ensure the correct message or instructions are heard and/or understood. Misunderstandings can be avoided or clarified, by ensuring you are communicating to the Individuals needs. Talking slowly and clearly. Using the correct terminology, and the correct facial expressions. There are many ways for individuals to access extra support to enable individuals to communicate more effectively, this can be through colleagues, individuals family, friends, social worker, their GP, specialist nurse, occupational therapist, pharmacist, psychologist, psychiatrist. There are support groups available including translation services, interpreting services, speech and language and advocate services.Outcome 4Confidentiality is a set of rules or a look for that limits access or puts restrictions on certain types of information. In day to day communication, confidentiality is a must. Things that you are told confidentially should be kept that way unless you are discussing the matte r with an agreed other. Like a nurse, colleague or social worker. You do not talk about work related topics or individuals as dead(a) gossip. There could be possible tension if you were ask to not say anything but due to concern of care, you have to let the agreed others know of the situation. I would seek advice from my manageror supervisor during a supervision or confidential meeting if I felt that a service users information was existence used in a incorrect way I would report this to my senior as shortly as possible.

Preschool Literacy Essay Example for Free

Pre tame Literacy EssayThis paper is discharge to outline the myriad of benefits that high-quality preschool literacy designs provide afford families, communities, school districts and the world. To daytime, numerous researchers are delving into HOW to build an effective and happy pre-school program. In this paper, I hope to answer several questions ? What is pre-school literacy? ? What benefits do participants in a preschool program perk up? ? HOW do we go rough establishing a high-quality pre-school literacy program? I am rather passionate close to this area.Being a speech pathologist, literacy skills and communication skills are so interwoven it is difficult to fall in them. I expect to say that while going to school more years ago, we didnt learn that a great deal about literacy as it related to speech and language development. It is only recently that researchers and educators have identified the wideness of how both developmental areas are linked. I smell th at establishing successful and exceedingly effective programs that incorporate family and barbarian directed activities are crucial to the success of our young students.That being said, lets explore pre-school literacy. What is preschool literacy? intimately people hear the word literacy and equate that with class period. This would be an adult analogy. For real young boorren, we breakt, nor should we, expect them to read Early literacy skills refer to many different things, none of which is sitting down with mom at the age of two and reading aloud for her. At the youngest ages, early literacy skills refer to childrens mental picture and experience with view ass.The following list is derived from Schickendanz (1999) and Early Literacy (www. zerotothree. com) . It states that early literacy behaviors include ? Book handling behaviors handling and manipulating the book ? Looking and Recognizing- how are they paying attention to the book, pictures, words demonstrating recogn ition of pictures, etc. ? Picture and Story science Imitation of actions noted in a story, talking about a story ? Story-Reading Behaviors verbal interactions with the books, imitating a level offing a finger at words and/or pictures.Establishing salubrious early literacy behaviors is essential to literacy development and should be the focus of early language and literacy programs (Early Literacy, 2003) It is suggested that these skills develop naturally and unfold as a result of affectionate interactions with parents and caregivers, rather than direct instruction. I agree with this statement wholeheartedly. Ideally, it is e realday interactions with infants and toddlers that include talking and book reading that help establish the crucial opening stages of literacy development.I recently heard on a radio receiver program ( mucklet cite it) that children between the ages of 0-3 years should hear approximately 30,000 words a day to build an effective vocabulary Amazing. Todd R isley, co-author of Meaningful differences in the 3 everyday Experiences of young American children (Mangione, 2005), states that isnt an intentional program line of these behaviors but rather embedded in the social interactions. He believes, as do I, that literal language skills appear to be the basis of phonological processing skills, which is a strong indicator for reading readiness in kindergarten.As children move into the preschool realm, (typically described as ages 3 through and through 5), prereading skills are developing along a continuum, rather than as a set of discrete and separate skills. In the article Critical Issue Addressing the literacy Needs of Emergent and Early Readers (www. ncrel. org), the authors made a very interesting point Id analogous to share with you. They discussed the various stages of literacy development that are not relevant to this article, however, an important transition occurs when a childs reading of a story changes from seem like oral lan guage to sounding like written language.This demonstrates a change in ideas from thought of reading as spoken words to understanding that reading is recreated from written text that has finicky wordings (McGee Richgels, 1996Sulzby, 1991). It is the beginning of the childs print recognition. With respect to specific pre-school literacy behaviors that we should see addressed in a high-quality preschool program, the nearly important would be ? Oral Language- engaging in rich conversational exchange with students, developing oral vocabulary, reading aloud daily, having children develop their own stories by looking at pictures (Tomie DiPola books are resplendent for this) ? usual Knowledge what prior knowledge are the students coming into school with that they share, encouraging questions and hot experiences with in the classroom, ? Print Awareness- being exposed to various written materials, some repetition of early literacy behaviors, point/drag techniques while reading ? Alphab et knowledge the ABC song, recognizing sounds that letters make, letter recognition. ? Phonological awareness- change magnitude awareness of the sounds of the letters and how to play with them through rhyme, segmenting, blending, ?Pre-writing skills later stages of development and exposure to writing mediums (pen, pencil, crayon, markers, paint), using journals with successful pictures, word walls. (Roskos, K Christie, J, Richgels, D, www. naeyc. org) How do participants in high-quality preschool programs benefit? I think I could go on for days about the benefits of an excellent preschool experience. For the sake of brevity, I wont Numerous studies have been conducted to coiffure whether preschool programs are beneficial and cost effective.The majority of studies suggest the answer to that is an overwhelming YES. 4 The Chicago babe Parent Center (CPC), the High/Scope Perry Preschool Program and the Abecedarian Project are all examples of highly qualified preschool programs. Th e CPC is recognized by the US Department of educational activity as an exemplary early childishness program. A comparison of the benefits of these programs was conducted, yielding what I thought were incredible results.These programs have been in effect since the 1960s, servicing low-income areas in Chicago and Michigan (Lee, J, www.ccsso. org). In a speech given by Dr. W. Steven Barnett of the National get for Early Intervention Research in 2006, three separate studies compared the results of participants enrolled in the above-mentioned preschool programs against a support group that wasnt enrolled in any preschool program. Their longitudinal studies revealed amazing results, which are credited to the attending of the preschool programs. match to them, participants in the program (as compared with non-participants) ? Were less possible to be enrolled in special education ?Had a higher(prenominal) rate of high school completion ? Demonstrated higher test scores ? Were less li kely to repeat a grade ? Had increased earning after completing high school ? Engaged in less criminal activities ? Had a demean incidence of smoking, pregnancy and abortion. These benefits did not stop at the beggary line. They also demonstrated that middle class children benefited from the experience as well. He discussed the well-known fact that disfavour children benefit more when they are in class with children from different socio-economic backgrounds.An analysis I found very interesting was that For every dollar invested into the preschool programs described in this paper $7 is saved in national expenditures (Lee. www. ccsso. org). WOW, think what that could mean to a superintendents budget When trying to determine whether a preschool program could benefit those in the middle class, the US Dept. of Education, NCES, (1997) article entitled Dropout rates in the United States1995 situated that middle class children have fairly high rates of the problems that preschool reduc es for low-income children.While benefits decrease gradually with an income increase, the general benefits are greater when ALL children are exposed to PreK. In an evaluation of 5 state prek programs conducted by Barnett,W. S, Lamy, C. and Jung, K. (2005), results revealed that in all programs, whether universal or targeted, students demonstrated gains in language, literacy and math. While all students (various SES backgrounds) gained, the low-income students gained more. Soooooo 5 How do we go about establishing high-quality preschool literacy programs? In an ideal world with unlimited funding, it wouldnt be too difficult.However, we turn int live in an ideal world and much needed financing is often entertained to other important (or not so important ) causes. Really, what is more important than education? One occlusion could be to emulate the success demonstrated by the Chicago and Michigan programs spoken about primarily in this paper. In Rockland County, some school disctric ts already offer a district-based preschool program. This year, all districts were al serve uped slots to participate in a Universal PreK initiative. However, while that is an excellent start to establishing a much needed entity, a lot of work still exists.During my research gathering I read many, many articles that discussed the family-centered literacy approach. Such as at the CPC, involving the parents and providing them with strategies and useful techniques to help their children empowers them and makes them feel useful and successful. Without parental involvement at the preschool level, literacy development suffers. Since the institution of NCLB, many school disstricts are seeking wasys to provide needed support to their students without it becoming a special ed component or target program.Instituting a universal prek program benefits all. Looking at the various feat gaps that Dr. Barnett identified in his paper, while there is significantly more of an achievement gap at the l ower SES levels, there are still marked gaps in the middle class level, thus further justifying why ALL students would benefit from the experience. In an effort to establish successful high-quality preschool programs in Texas, the retired CEO of Texas Instruments was aware of the huge impact the Perry Preschool Program had on its communities and he was eager to replicate that success in Texas.Therefore, after establishing a successful pilot program, the participants wanted to be able to spread the success throughout the state and a handbook Improving Early Literacy of Preschool Children was developed for prekindergarten educators. The authors and editors really were able to target what a high-quality program looks like with suggestions on how to implement them into your existing programs. The following steps are indicated to improve a preschool program ? driven goals ? Create an improvement plan ? Build a classroom library ? Train the teachers and encourage collaboration.? uphold rack of students progress ? Inform and involve parents 6 ? Communicate with elementary schools the children will attend ? Measure and document results (Dougherty, 1999) every last(predicate) of these steps are so important to developing a program that is successful. It is hard to determine whether one step is more important than another. Personally, I really feel that if the teachers and the teaching assistants and/or aides are given the proper training, every interaction with a child will take on new meaning. The Margaret Cone Head Start Center in southeasterly Dallas has serviced predominantly low-income populations.As part of their language enrichment program (LEAP), each teacher attends six weeks of instruction at the nearby university as well as several workshops a year. Because of these teacher trainings, Cone Center children have produced improved scores on a variety of tests targeting vocabulary, language skills and social skills. I believe that involving the parents as m uch as possible and having them in the classroom for a half-day a week or doubly a month lets them see what is happening and provides modeling they can use at home.Obstacles that I can identify at this point to establishing high-quality preschool programs that ALL children can attend include ? FUNDING ? Private preschool programs vs. school district based programs ? Consistent participation on the part of the parents ? Difficulty providing quality training programs for the teachers and teaching assistants/aides due to lack of funding, time, resources While I feel there are many excellent examples of qualified and successful preschool programs in Rockland County, we do not meet the needs of all the children of the preschool age.As CPSE chair, I am able to provide special education needs to many children that require it. However, there is great variability between the programs that we recommend students attend. Consistent high-quality preschool programs would be beneficial to ALL stu dents involved, not just the special needs children. In conclusion, it is a well-documented fact that preschool literacy education benefits all children involved. The need lies in our ability to establish high-caliber programs that are consistent, with staff that is well trained and caring.I think if we can distribute the information about the long-term effects researched and prove to the masses (school boards ) that the bottom line would be cost savings to the community, we efficacy see some change. I look forward to that day References 1. Schweinhart, L. J. Lasting Benefits of Preschool Programs ERIC Digest. ericdigests. org. Retrieved February 25, 2008, from http//www. ericdigests. org/1994/lasting. htm 2. Dougherty, C. , et al. Improving Early Literacy of Preschool Children a Handbook for Prekindergarten Educators.Texas Instruments, 1999. 3. Lee, J. The Benefits of Preschool for High School and Beyond. Council of Chief State School Officers. Retrieved February 25, 2008, from h ttp//www. ccsso. org 4. Roskos, K. A. , Christie, J. F. Richgels, D. J. The Essentials of Early Literacy Instruction. National Association for the Education of Young Children. Retrieved February 23, 2008, from www. naeyc. org/resources/journal 5. Mangione, P. L. (2005). Creating Language and Literacy Experiences for Infants and Toddlers. PITC Graduate Conference.Berkeley, CA. 6. Johnson, D. Sulzby, E. Critical Issue Addressing the Literacy Needs of Emergent and Early Readers. trades union Central Regional Educational Library. Retrieved January 21, 2008, from http//www. ncrel. org/sdrs/areas/issues/content/cntareas/reading/li100. htm 7. Barnett, W. (2006, Jan. 10). Research on the Benefits of Preschool Education Securing High Returns from Preschool for All Children. New York, NY. 8. Brain Wonders. Early Literacy (2003). Zero To Three. Retrieved January 24, 2008, from www. zerotothree. org/BrainWonders.

Visual entertainment media Essay Example for Free

opthalmic entertainment media EssayVisual entertainment media is a part of everyday life, anywhere from cellphones, television, internet, newspaper, etc. All of the forms of optic entertainment media concur helped shaped America, also the culture and values that have developed over the years. The most common optical entertainment media form that has shaped, influenced, the culture and values in America is cable television. Cable television covers so many different forms within itself, news channels, religious channels, debate channels, and different parts of local television programs. individually of these channels carries their own message, with entertainment values that are viewed by the person watching the program. Many forms of visual entertainment carry a negative social influence message, self-education is important on these types of visual entertainment in order to determine what best fits your personal situation. If there are, guidelines that are set on, what type of visual entertainment are acceptable, internet access, cell phone access, and television channels.Than the amount of negative influence, mortal may be subjected to can be cut down dramatically, giving the opportunity for positive experiences to be put in its place. The idea of visual entertainment media is to help spread education, and social entertainment purposes. atomic number 53 way to ensure that this is the experience that is shared is to limit what you make available to your family and how much is acceptable.I calculate that it is very easy for adolescent minds to be subjected to influence, both positive and negative depending on what their social meet support frequently. If a child is exposed to violent, sexual, or death filled entertainment, it is more likely for them to compound these things into their everyday social environment. This affects their social behavior and attitudes to not only peers, but also any habituated situation.The influences these entertainment types have can either become a person or just be a part of everyday life. This solely depends on the person that is subjected to the visual entertainment, and how they conceive what is viewed into their everyday life. A minor is not in control of what they watch and cannot be responsible for making educated visual entertainment media choices, that being said they could not be responsible for the influence it has on them either.

The Role Of Family Revision Essay Example for Free

The Role Of Family Revision EssayA family is a western term used to consult a domestic group of people linked together through and through descent from a public ancestor, marriage or adoption. There are three forms of families whizz is a motional family which consists of a produce and a children. They can be biological offspring to adopted children .The second form is conscunguineas family which consists of the refer, children and other relatives much(prenominal) as grandparents uncles and aunts. The last form is a conjugal family which consists of a more than one spouses ordinarily the women are more and their children Every individual in the family has maps to carry out . The right and obligation associated with these roles is establish not only on the family member but also on age sex and marital status.The first role we shall look at is the role of the family in family planning .this is the role of the family to achieve coveted birth spacing and family size .This r ole decrease child mortality, age in marriage increases break in health of infants children and women and the social economic role of women goes up.Statistics from the united nation world creation prospects of 1999 show that the family size decline between 1800 and 1900 from 7.0 to 3.5 children .family planning methods were began in 1912 with a lot of legal battles and by 1933 they were a little established with the average size decline to 2.3 children families began using the birth control methods and in the 20th century statistics show that 71 use contraception douch,47%using withdraw methods 17% having cervical diagram .currently the family sizes are small having two or one children The family has a role of providing basic ineluctably to it member the basic sine qua non includes food shelter clothing and health care. for the family the provide these the parent de valetd to find and maintain employment and secure a house .adequate and proper distribution of resources is neede d in order to provided the basis needs other than the basic needs the family has a role of providing emotional brave out and caring for family member who are ill the elderly and the children need a lot of care and backing from the family the family has a rare safeguarding in solving them .and motivating its member to achieve .much of the achievements of the family member especially the children is through emotional encouragement and support .This also will encourage support of each family member during crises Family has a role in providing supports to disabled persons in the unit .this support can be form of educating the members this is through with(p) through taking them to special school where they learn and are able to work on their feature without dependences listening to their problems and helping in solving them .washing their clothes feeding them and directing them considering the disability with this role has meliorate in most country like India in the late 1980,s the disabled child was usually killed or aban dod .Today family cast been promote and the disabled child is shell outn care of .more so family has also been encouraged to help other disabled people other than family members in formation of organization For the disabled where they piece of ground and encourage each other to move on. Another role of the family is to provide uncanny care. When families are experiencing losses, despair, questions approximately the meaning of suffering or a sense of abandonment by the divine more than anything else they need to be heard and know they are not alone. This is done by emphatisising with the members. The society comes in and gives them spi ritual comfort. In case a member can petition for them and comfort them as they receive medical examination care. In case of death the society comes in to take part in prayer and burial chamber rituals.Spritual leaders should also comfort the members. This role has been their from the 80s and even at on ce it remain same only that the ritual differ from country to country.Role of the family in promoting the right of the child. The basic institution in society for the survival, fortress and development of the child is the familys civil rights of the child begins within the family. The family has an important role to play as to the right of the child to be registered with a name, to a nationality, to know as far as practicable his or her parentage and to preserve his or her identity.Socialization and acquisition of values are also certain within the family for freedom of expression and association. In the family is the child should not be subjected to cruel, inhuman treatment much(prenominal) as neglect, corporal punishment and sexual or verbal clapperclaw. The family is therefore an essential agent for creating cognizance and preservation of human rights and also respect for human values, cultural identity and heritage as hale as civilization. Another important role of the fa mily is raising children. It is this factor that influences the behavior of the children in their early childhood. raise does not occur with wishful thinking but through advice from the parent to their children and the parent through advice from the parents to their children and the parent presenting great examples to the children. For example if the parent advice the children against drug abuse they should not also smoke or abuse any other drug. The same applies for company. Family encourages the children to have good company to ensure they carry out good morals and avoid drug abuse and other bad morals. The families in Chinese have evolved from the 80s to today. The stereotype view of the Chinese family in the 80s was that of a large extended family with several generations living under one roof and being self sufficient. It helped by providing child care and care of the eldery (Daniel, Habib, Southall 45).Today modern Chinese family in Birmingham are mainly a nuclear one with a husband, wife and living with children. In the 80s Chinese men continued to occupy a dominant position in the family in terms of conclusion making. Today however women are acquiring greater equality with men as they contribute with their income or labor in the family business. The family has a role in developing moves of its members. Family influence is an important force in preparing the youth for their role as workers. In the 80s fewer families encouraged children to study and develop a public life especially in the third world countries. As years passed by and even recently the families have played this important role, as they did not respect education. Family background factors are found to be associated with career development Include parents socioeconomic status, their educational level and biogenetic factors Such as physical size, gender, ability and temperament. (Forrest, Samara, p.68).Family income is another factor affecting their role in developing members careers. I f the family economic resources are limited, the family tends to direct them first to the males of the family giving less hope and encouragement for further education to the daughter in the family. The last role of family is on relationship of its members and other people which leads to marriage. The childs relationship with the parents shapes the likely relationship that will have with their partner in life. More so research shows that a man treats a woman as his dad treated his mom. The family can support and strengthen a relationship, by counseling them and appreciating the both partners.For the disabled where they share and encourage each other to move on. Another role of the family is to provide spiritual care. When families are experiencing losses, despair, questions about the meaning of suffering or a sense of abandonment by the divine more than anything else they need to be heard and know they are not alone. This is done by emphatisising with the members. The society comes in and gives them spiritual comfort. In case a member can pray for them and comfort them as they receive medical care. In case of death the society comes in to take part in prayer and burial rituals.Spritual leaders should also comfort the members. This role has been their from the 80s and even today it remain same only that the ritual differ from country to country.Work citedForrest, J. D, Samara, R, Impact of Public Funded hindrance Services on Unintended Pregnancies and Implication for Medical Expenditure. Fam Plann Perspect, 1996.John Daniel, Adam Habib, Roger Southall . State of the Nation. South AfricaHSRC press, 2005.

Theories Of Leadership Essay Example for Free

Theories Of Leadership EssayIntroductionManagers and attracters in both organization be expected to influence the actions of their employees through several channels. Some of these include communicating with provide members, stimulating subordinates to work hard and ensuring that all the resources within the company are allocated well. These expectations bathroom either be met successfully or unsuccessfully. Numerous researchers matt-up the need to come up with theories that govern successful leaders. hotshot of these theories is known as the contingency theory.An analysis of the contingency theoryfieldsman (1964) came up with this approach to leading after realizing that leaders could function well if they changed their styles to suit the situation at hand. This is where the name contingency originates. fieldsman conducted several studies of effective and ineffective leaders. Thereafter he concluded that the most successful approach would be to match organizational sett ings with leadership styles. These two parameters form the basis of the contingency theory of leadership.According to Fiedler, leadership style may be defined as the way leaders and employees interact with one another. 1 cannot claim that a managers leadership style changes from time to time. On the contrary, this is a fixed parameter since e rattling leader has a different personality. The latter term largely affects the nature of the leadership style.Since this trait is important, Fielder came up with a method for categorizing leadership styles. He used the Least favored Coworker Scale (LPC). The Scale is applied only to leaders the latter are asked to rate the person they facial expression has worked very poorly with them. The scale starts from one to eight and may be a classification of a co-worker from the past or the present depending on which worker was the worst. Examples of personality traits that guide the scaling dish up includeUnfriendly versus friendly workersHost ile versus supportiveGuarded versus openUncooperative versus cooperative (Fiedler, 1964) all(prenominal) the latter traits are in ascending order with number 1 representing the character trait on the left while number 8 represents the character trait on the right.The LPC scales main purpose is to determine whether a particular form of leadership style is line orient or volume oriented. Leaders who score high marks in the scale favor interpersonal relationships. Consequently, those leaders who rate their co-workers in a negative light may be to a greater extent interested in the task at hand. This also implies that such leaders have poor interpersonal relationships. However, critics have insist that such traits may not necessarily be accurate. Some individuals may portray their co-workers in a negative light but still be keen on interpersonal relationships.Fielder (1964) felt that those leaders who managed to match the requirements of the task with a dominant personality trait t ended to be more successful. predominate personality traits largely determine the approach chosen by leaders i.e. either people oriented or task oriented approach.The LPC scale indicates whether or not a certain individual determine interpersonal relationships. In case leaders score highly, then they normally consider interpersonal relationships as a crucial part of implementing tasks. However, those who score low marks in the scale value task completion more than anything else does. Consequently, most of them may not bother creating close relationships with their employees.Fielder (1964) was also touch on with the organizational environment or what is also called the situational variable. According to him, the situational variable can be defined as that aspect within the organization that can allow leaders to exert influence within their team.He split the situational variables as follows-Task structure-Position power-Leader to member relationshipsThe leader-member structure is defined as the level of word meaning team players have towards their leader. Task structures may be defined as the level of joke specificity among subordinates. Lastly, beat power is described as the level of authority attributed to a leader as result of his lay within the organization. (Fiedler, 1964)In the Leader-member situation, a leader would be more successful if he establishes strong relate between himself and the other people within the organization this is through trusting and respecting members of his organization. Additionally, successful leaders in the task structure situation are those ones that specify job detail well. Powerful leaders in the position power situation are those ones that exercise their right to fire and hire or to return individuals within the organization.All the latter three situations create eight leadership styles. These are then divided into two important groups known as the relationship or task oriented leaders. Five of the leadership styles fall under the latter category.Fielder (1964) felt that task oriented approach were more assume in disasters or extreme situations. In cases where a fire strikes an organization, then leaders would be more efficient if they applied the task oriented approach. At this time, the issue of position power is not very relevant and neither are the relationships of the co-workers. In extreme cases or in disasters, the individuals who direct tasks most efficiently perplex the leaders. The opposite is true for leaders who try applying a people oriented approach. This would mean considering what people think and this would eventually delay outcomes. Such cases require only the fastest responses for survival.Task oriented relationships are also important in blue collar jobs. This is because such workers normally require direction and job specificity. Therefore, this leadership approach would be most appropriate. On the other hand, such scenarios may still be characterized by strong leader m ember relationships. The latter situation can be effected when leaders reward worker well for their efforts.Relationship oriented leadership styles may be more kind in situations where the organizational environment is highly predictable. Some of the most appropriate environments include research institutes. In such circumstances, subordinates would not like it if their leaders interfered with the nature of their task. Here, it would be more appropriate to work on building relationships with subordinates.It should be noted that Fielders theory does not cover all the realizable factors affecting leadership. Some leaders may be more effective if they undergo training or gain experience on the job. Such factors have not been accounted for by the contingency theory.ConclusionOverly, Fielder was trying to say that leaders are not just successful or unsuccessful. Leaders can either be effective in certain situations and not all of them. Therefore, all individuals can become leaders if t hey choose the most appropriate situation to apply their leadership styles. Additionally, it is possible to make a leader more effective by altering the following position power, task structure and leader member relationships. It should also be noted that Fielders scale can be kinda appropriate in determining leadership styles.ReferenceFiedler, E. (1964) A Contingency Model of Leadership enduringness Journal for Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, Academic Press 1, 12, 149-190

Organisational Behaviour Essay Example for Free

Organisational Behaviour Es feel outThere ar many ways in which different individuals arouse viewed nature. Robbins et al (2001, p. 99) define it as the consistent psycho system of logical patterns within an individual that affect the way they interact with others and the situations they encounter. A nonher definition provided by Huczynski and Buchanan (2007, p. 138) is that temperament is the psychological qualities that make for an individuals characteristic behaviour patterns, in a stable and typical manner. tempers Role in Organizational BehaviourWith the abovementi angiotensin-converting enzymenessd definitions of personality, there be a numerous lands as to why this is of great interest when it get bys to the study of Organizational Behaviour. One main reason is that job coiffureance and c beer success argon related to ones personality as many managers pack come to believe. Personality judgements or psychometric tests be widely used by companies to assess an employees personality. A couple of the kn avow approaches to these tests are nomothetic, the basis of the majority of the available psychometrics, and idiographic.The causality is more objective and quantitative, which is mostly comprised of multiple-choice questions and hence easier to administer, trance the last mentioned rely on firmly on different assumptions near human psychology. (Huczynski Buchanan 2007, p. 137) parts of Personality Assessment Tools Out of the many personality estimation tools available to mean solar day, the four which go forth be further discussed will be the book Model, Jungs Personality Type Matrix, Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) and Friedman and Rosenmans Type A Type B Personalities.There will be an overlay between the mentioned assessment tools and the others that create not been stated. (Richards n. d. ) These assessments aid not only companies when it comes to appraise an employee but as well as are now available for individuals who want to measure their own capability and win how to make the most of their strengths. DISC Model The DISC Model originated from Dr. William Moulton Marstons 1928 book entitled Emotions of usual People. The term DISC was initi totallyy discussed in the book. However, Dr. Marston did not have the intention of creating any look of assessment tool.It was not till 1972 when researchers from the University of Minnesota developed the abovementioned tool. A number of books have been written and confused interpretations on the topic have emerged. Dr. Marstons idea when he coined the term DISC dejection be seen as revolving around behaviour and situation. The most generalized outline of the model is as follows. DISC stands for dominance, influence, steadiness and compliance. A person who mints under Dominance and operate is considered to be generally proactive and extraverted while well-nighone who is under Steadiness and Compliance is roughly the opposite, reactive and an introvert .Those whose personality is thought to pass away to Dominance and Compliance have their focal point to be things whereas that of the hoi polloi whose personality belongs to Influence and Steadiness is seen as wad. (Richards n. d. ) The small connection ends there. A close set(predicate) look at each of the types could reveal more. An individual who is a type Dominance will have the following attributes. He or she is decisive, dominant, self-assured, forceful, task-oriented and is someone who instigates, leads and directs.His or her main motivation will be the instinct of responsibility and achievement. Subsequently, this person fears failure and deviation of power. When in a workings environment, he or she will have a strong focus on tasks and his or her forceful mien can upset people. As for someone who falls under Influence, he or she motivates others via influence and persuasion, presents well and inspires others. He or she possesses good communication skills, as well as the qualities of creationness friendly, affable, intuitive and gregarious. Recognition and personal approval are their motivational factors. Rejection and loss of reputation make up their fears. The fact that they emphasize so much on image can result in substance negligence. Anyone belonging to type Steadiness acquires attributes such as reliable, dependable, process-oriented, listener, friendly, trustworthy, solid, ethical and methodical. He or she finishes what others start and leave and shapes according to process. This person is motivated by time, blank shell and continuity to do things properly. Their fears include insecurity and change.Having this personality type meant that the person depends on the process to such an extent that any signs of changes will be resisted. Lastly, those who are under Compliance are painspickings, investigative, curious, correct and detailed. He or she is a checker and decides using facts and figures. Motivation for them would be attention to detail, complete(a)ion and truth whereas fears are inaccuracy and unpredictability. Their need for perfection tends to delay or forestall them from achieving what is required. (Richards n. d. )From the above, it can be seen that the DISC model has four main type which describes the certain be personalities. When taking this assessment, one must keep in mind that he or she does not exclusively belong to just one type. This tool identifies the dominant type as well as two musical accompaniment types to varying extent which is dependent on the person and the situation. The mixture of the types, dominant and supporting, provides a good case of a persons personality from various perspectives. (Richards n. d. ) Jungs Personality Type MatrixCarl Gustav Jung, one of the many great personality theorists, is well-known for his work Jungs Personality Type Matrix or Jungs Psychological Types which he derived from the ancient Greek Four Temperaments Model. His approach to this study was from a clinical psychoanalysis perspective. Most of todays widely used psychometrics, such as the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, have greatly benefited from Jungs theories. Jung structured his functional types into four. His four functions of the psyche are mentation and legal opinion, which helps us to decide and judge, and, Sensation and wisdom, which helps us to perceive and gather information.He called the first two functions Rational and the other two, Ir keen. (Chapman 2010) thought process is near what something is. It is about meaning and understanding. It involves analytic, objective, principles, standards and criteria. Feeling is about whether it is good or not. It is about weight and value. It involves inbred, personal, valuing, intimacy and humane. Sensation is knowing that something exists. It can also be referred to as sensual perception. It is realistic, down-to-earth, practical and sensible. perception is concerned with where it is from and where it is going. It is about possibilities and atmosphere. It involves hunches, future, speculative, fondness and imaginative. Further explanations on the four functions are as follows (Chapman 2010) Jungs Thinking function is a rational process of understanding reality, implications, causes and effects in a logical and analytical way. It is systematic, evaluates truth, and is objective to the extent that military rating is based on personal intelligence and comprehension. Jungs Feeling function makes judgements on a personal subjective basis. It is a rational process of forming personal subjective opinion about whether something is good or bad, regenerate or wrong, acceptable or unacceptable, etc. , and involves sentimentality and humanity. Jungs Sensation function translates signals from the senses into factual data. There is no judgement of right or wrong, good or bad, implications, causes, directions, context, possibilities, themes, or related concepts. Sensation sees what is, as what it is. J ungs Intuition function translates things, facts and details into larger conceptual pictures, possibilities, opportunities, imaginings, mysticism and tonic ideas. Intuition largely ignores essential facts and details, logic and truth. Based on Jungs Four Functions of the Psyche, his Eight Personality Types came about by adding introversion or extraversion general attitude types to the four superior functions. The characteristics of each of these types are as follows. extraversive Thinking organizes others, implements, plans, is strategic and analytical. Introverted Thinking seeks elf-knowledge, is theoretical, discovering and contemplative. Extraverted Feeling seeks personal and neighborly success, is sentimental and sociable. Introverted Feeling seeks inner intensity, is self-contained, enigmatic and inaccessible. Extraverted Sensation is hard-headed, pleasure-seeking, hands-on and practical. Introverted Sensation is an expert, a connoisseur, detached, obsessive and intense. Ex traverted Intuition proposes change, seeks novelty, is innovative and adventurous. Introverted Intuition is aloof, mystical, esoteric, visionary and idealistic. These only refer to the principal functions.Once the supplement functions, the slight dominant functions, come into the picture, it produces sixteen personality types with more in-depth analysis. (Chapman 2010) It is these final types which directly relates to the next assessment tool the MBTI. Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) Isabel Briggs Myers, along with her mother, Katherine Briggs, developed the instrument MBTI in the 1940s which has been based on Carl Jungs Personality Matrix. All in all, they established sixteen different and distinctive personality types. These types came about through the interactions among ones p reference books.One may figure out his or her personality type by first deciding on his or her preference in each of the following categories extroversion (E), focusing on the outer world or Introve rsion (I), to prefer ones own inner world. Sensing (S), all about the basic information taken in or Intuition (N), interpreting and adding meaning to the information. In decision-making, Thinking (T), logic and consistency first or Feeling (F), people and the special circumstances. Structure-wise, Judging (J), getting things decided or Perceiving (P), remaining open in case of new information and options.Once the preference has been made, a four-letter code emerges. It could be ISTJ, ISFJ, INFJ, INTJ, ISTP, ISFP, INFP, INTP, ESTP, ESFP, ENFP, ENTP, ESTJ, ESFJ, ENFJ or ENTJ. Each of these types has a corresponding personality description. With the MBTI instrument, there is no such thing as measuring trait ability or character, instead, it sorts for preferences. The main reason why this instrument is the most popular is the fact that hundreds of studies in the past forty years have proven MBTI to be valid and reliable. (The Myers Briggs Foundation n. d. ) Type A Type B Personalities The real first time the two types of personality were described was in the 1950s by cardiologists Meyer Friedman and R. H. Rosenham. With reference to Jungs Matrix, Type A is a left-sided STJ but Type B is a right-sided NFP. (Changingminds. org 2010) The typing is broadly based on anxiety and stress levels. Type A people enjoy constantly working to achieve goals the more difficult, the better. Their drive to compete can cause them to create the sense of competition.Failure is one thing they try hard to avoid. They are mostly well-educated. On the contrary, Type B work steadily and do not obsess about not achieving what they have set out to do. They are notional love to explore new ideas. They are often reflective. Challenging a Type A will be very effective whilst a reflective conversation will work better with a Type B. Type A personality has become a household word. (Sharma 1996) According to Dr. Friedman, there are eight major indicators of Type A Behaviour two psychologica l and six physical.The psychological signs are presence of impatience or easily induced hostility and constant apprehension of future disasters, where the latter is commonly mistaken as a symptom of an anxiety or depressive disorder. The physical signs are extravagant perspiration of the forehead and the upper lip, teeth grinding, indentation of the tongue due to its inveterate pressure against the top incisor teeth, tic-like retraction of the upper eye lid, tic-like retraction of the corners of the mouth, and chocolate-brown coloring of the skin of the lower eyelid.Type A has generated a huge interest in the medical world as it is highly related to coronary heart disease. Here is an excerpt from Moores (2001) article Type A people are achievement oriented, irritable, impatient with delays, and seem to be continuously in a hurry. In contrast to type As, type B people are less rivalrous, and more easygoing than their type A counterparts. While most people do not fall into the e xtreme ends of the continuum, there are significant numbers of people who do seem to be far more intense and reactive than others. Type As are not only reactive, they are also achievement oriented and highly motivated to succeed. They enjoy challenge and like to know how well they are doing. More recent research has demonstrated that the feature of type A behavior that is particularly cyanogenic is hostility. Scott (2007) mentioned in one of her articles that apart from the fact that those exhibiting Type A personality have a high risk at suffering hypertension and heart diseases, they also suffer from job stress and social isolation. These people are usually in stressful, demanding jobs.They, too, tend to distance themselves from others as they focus on their passage more than they do on personal relationships. Many researches do believe that it is the environment that caused certain people to develop Type A personalities. As part of their personality, Type As are able to perf orm well in the workplace because they are high-achievers. (Larson 2009) This is why they hold increasingly high-powered positions. As a result, they find it hard to relax, they are aggressive, they have the tendency to interrupt and they lose sleep frequently.In an business environment, these characteristics can lead to high levels of success but the same can also lead to Type As own pitfalls. They have emphasis on quantity over quality. They are unable to deem their own achievements. However, they make great leaders since they work well under pressure. Character Personality psychoanalysis From the 2006 movie, The Devil wears Prada, the character played by Meryl Streep is Miranda Priestly, the Editor-In-Chief for Runway a supposedly top New York path Magazine. (Huntley 2009) Anyone could easily tell that she exhibits most of, if not all, of a Type A personality.If it were from the DISC models perspective, she would fall under the Dominance category while belonging to the typol ogy of Jungs STJ or the MBTIs ISTJ. To categorise here in the boss type, she would be the tin man boss with an axe. Her first love would have to be power. She is very career-oriented whose goals and objectives are extremely translucent. For her, what is to be done, is to be done, the word unfeasible does not exist. When in doubt, never approach her as she does not like people boring her with questions of how, what and where.Famous for being unpredictable, she does not care for others incompetence and is intimidating to the extent that people cannot even be in the same lift as her. It is rather hard to please or impress her. Career-wise, she is an A+ yet as a person, she fails. With her profession the first priority in her life, she has had a broken marriage, twice, and a distorted family life. Despite that, her most valuable assets to her are her twin daughter who she cares for dearly. She indeed lacks personal life. tagged as the dragon lady, she rarely shows emotions and strongl y believes that life is all about the choices you make.Being the in good order lady ruling the kingdom of fashion, she keeps her staff and the fashion world under her thumb. Her actions indeed speak louder than her dustup because she can make a top designer recreate a whole collection all over again just by pursing her lips. She draws contentment from others misery. Her disbelief in haughty reinforcement has led to a high number of assistants quitting. She is the kind of boss who has no room for inert employees. A perfectionist, she does not care who she steps on when on her way to the top. Not to forget, sleek and supple Miranda always has to have her Hermes scarf on.It can be seen that Mirandas personality does fit her role to some extent. Due to the nature of her job, her business environment matters a lot. Although she is very dominating, the people under her accept that and provide to her wishes as if left with no other choice. It is all about power at the end of the day especially in a high-powered position like that of an Editor-In-Chief. Many people have come to believe that Miranda Priestly has been based on real-life Editor-In-Chief for Vogue Magazine, Anna Wintour. Topsynergy. com (2003) discussed the personalities that are evident in Anna Wintour.She is a perfect example to be displaying Type A behavior which to some extent is relevant to the position she holds and the competitive industry she is in. Describing Wintour in the words of Topsynergy. com Cautious, prudent, and rather self-contained approaches life realistically rarely spontaneous pragmatic, shrewd, and an gauzy strategist very ambitious, but quietly so emotionally detached stern, authoritarian, no-nonsense aspect to her personality her personal relationships may seem constantly in flux direct, honest, and to the point some might say excessively so There is this contact argument that it is the environment that shapes peoples personality while others believe our personali ty has to find the kind of environment to which they suit best and perform to their optimum potential. For the latter, the abovementioned psychometric tests help employers, managers and common staff alike to gain insight to any individuals personality. This is very essential in todays organizations especially since the level of competition has never been higher.

History of Israel and the Holy Land 332 B.C. to 70 A.D. Essay Example for Free

History of Israel and the divine Land 332 B.C. to 70 A.D. EssayThe Period from 332 B. C. to 70 A. D. refers to the age of Hellenism to a lower place the notice of horse parsley the gravid, business leader of Macedonia. The stopover 332 B. C. marked the conquest of Judea by the Hellenics, which subsequently imposed the dissemi state of matter of the Greek way of life, taxation, and frugal activities designed to acquire economic gains. After the death of Alexander, his generals divided the empire and consequently fought over his empire. Judah send packing under direct control of Ptolemy 1 of Egypt, but he did not seriously interfered in its unearthly affairs (Chapin, H. 988, Paragraph 1 Hellenism and the Roman conquest). However, by and by Ptolemy 1s death, his successor was supplanted by the Seleucids of Syria, and in 175 B. C. Antiochus IV grabbed power. He because orchestrated a campaign against Judaism and in 167 B. C. he went and plunder the temple, (which was bu ilt in 520 B. C. ) of all its precious belongings. This utter desecration and gross violation of the temple make a successful Jewish uprising under the able leaders of Judas Maccabaeus.He then set up a theocratic government, which saw the rise of the Hasm angiotensin-converting enzymean Dynasty under the leadership of Simon Maccabaeus who was at the identical time the spiritual leader,being the High Priest, and the commander-in- top dog of the military. The coming of the Romans more than half a century later(prenominal) saw the rise of the chief priests to power and the eventual destruction of the temple in 70 A. D. in the hands of the Romans.The Second synagogue 332 B. C. to 70 A. D.The Jewish society rose to power comparable in scope to the ancient Davidic earth under Hasmonean Dynasty, although both(prenominal) religious and political discord is soaring between the Pharisees, who were the interpreters of the written law and the Sadducees, the depressed priestlike class w ho implements strict obedience to the written law. However, with the coming of the Romans in 65 B. C. Jerusalem dismiss in the hands of the Romans, which stop the eighty years of independent Jewish sovereignty and heralded the period of Roman domination of Israel, which began just the homogeneous period.The Romans appointed Herod, an Idumaean, as a puppet king of Judah. His appointee as king of the Jews was subsequently confirmed by the Roman Senate in 37 B. C. He then rebuilt and magnified the platform of the temple and constructed many important buildings such as palaces, theater, citadel, hippodrome, and agora modeled after both the Hellenistic and Roman architecture. An internet hold published by Planet Ware . com authorise Jerusalem, Israel cited that after Herods death in 4 B.C. Jerusalem was under the care of the uplifted priests, which was under Roman Procurators (Planet Ware, Par. 2). Chapin noted that Rome granted the Jew religious autonomy as surface as more or l ess legislative and judicial rights through the Sanhedrin (Chapin, par. 5, Hellenism and the Roman Conquest). The second temple played a great quality in the so-called city of the high priest that is, referring to the prominence of the Jewish religious leaders during this time.The capital Sanhedrin made the temple mount in Jerusalem the seat of both the religious and judicial powers vested upon them by the Roman Procurators. Their scope of authority includes religious, political, and legal authority such as trying a high priest, supervising certain rituals, and even declaring war (Chapin). This religious and judicial body was primarily composed of priestly Sadducees, which whitethorn be numbering of about seventy-one sages. The Sanhedrins control and judicial authority ended with the rise to power of Agrippa 1 in 41 to 44 B. C.The grand word of honor of Herod 1 the Great, Agrippa 1 extended the city northward by constructing the third wall. However, the fanatical sect of the Jew ish nationalist act known as the zealot challenged the Roman control of Judah in A. D. 66. This uprising brought the Roman legions to a extended siege, which was carried out by Vespasian, the Roman commander in Judah. The revolt however was crushed by his son Titus in A. D. 70 and Jerusalem and the second temple was destroyed by the Romans (Chapin) Hellenism and the Jews (Evaluations and Commendations)Hellenization, according to an internet article entitled Celtic and Medeterranean Interaction is the process by which non-Greeks were made more or less Greeks, assimilated into Greek culture if not acculturated. The article noted that the extent of Hellenization during the time of Alexander reach even advertise to the lands of the Barbarians (Celtic and Mideterranean Interaction). The article cited that Greeks abroad carried with them any thing that could help in advancing Greekness and they were more emphatically consciously Greeks and built cities and towns introducing urban struc tures and new whims.Chapin pointed out that despite of the strong emphasis on priestly rule and Judaism, Jewish society was greatly influenced by the Greek Hellenism, particularly cities like Jerusalem, except in their love to monotheistic confidence. However, life in the provinces and rural areas was comparatively unchanged (Chapin). Jerusalem subtly heretofore speedily adopted the Greek culture particularly the Greek language, games and sports, and even the early literature of the new faith, Christianity (Chapin, Par. ). concord to an internet article entitled The Impact of Hellenism on the Jews, though Hellenism was neither offensive nor beneficial yet it poses serious challenge to Judaism (Old Testament History, Par. 1). The article noted that Hellenistic culture presents serious threats to Judaism in the same way that idolatry of the Canaanites neighbor of the Pre-Exilic Israel served as a great temptation, which had caused their nations destruction and later Diasporas.Th e impact of Hellenism on Post Exilic Israel was difficult them to resist in remaining true to their faith as Hellenism offers relief from laborious struggle for existence. Hellenism viewed life as a continuous series of well-disposed festivities, comforts, and ease. It was under Hellenistic period that public places for eating and bathing was offered to the public with customary music of strings such as the harp (O. T. History, par. 7) which today may be characterized by the restaurants and public swimming pools.Great public libraries, potential economic opportunities, and sophisticated Greek education would cook strong appeal to may nobler Jews and merchants, which made the Hellenistic way of life easily acceptable. On the other hand, conservative Jews particularly Palestinian Jews were not impressed by the social and cultural avers brought about by Hellenism, courtesy of the Greeks. These conservatives despised the Hellenized Jews on the grounds that they had compromised their religion.An internet article entitled The Church History cited that the Hellenized Jews were forbidden in the temple quite a they were directed to attend Greek-speaking synagogues to hear and understand the Torah being read in Greek as they could no longer speak nor understand Hebrew. The purpose therefore, of Hellenization was to assimilate every culture, or the acculturation of every nations culture under one culture, the Greek culture, is not only a brilliant estimate or military strategy if indeed it fecal matter be categorized in that way, rather, it is highly advance idea designed to rule the world in utmost peace and economic prosperity.This impact could see changed the course of history had Alexander livelonger than he had lived. It cannot be denied that the influence of Hellenism notwithstanding realises todays contemporariess and the idea of hellenization still dominates the society in many ways. Interpretation Hellenism was a subtle way of conquering the world. Al exander may have conquered much of the known world during his time but his military and political leadership did not live long enough to achieve what he proclivityd, to conquer the world.Perhaps Hellenism was intended by Alexander for a peaceful conquest. Indeed, his model Hellenistic community in Alexandria, Egypt was meant to attract the known civilizations of the benefit of Hellenization. True to his intention, the world was conquered by the Greeks not by swords and spears or by sheer military event but by festivities, by cultural and educational advancement, and by economic opportunities Hellenism offers. Today, the Greek influence still remains after thousands of years in many aspects of the social and cultural life, including arts.Hellenization can be compared to the idea of the democracy promoted by the remaining super power of the world today. By Hellenizing the known world, Alexander can build an alliance with many countries just like the idea of democracy. In other words the same concept in promoting democracy lies in the Hellenization. It symbolized the hegemonic power of Greece under the leadership of Alexander the Great. Conclusions The history of Israel from 332 B. C. up to 70 A. D. as a monument of Greece rise to power, and dominance of the world, at the height of their glory, as well as the marks of Israels resurgence to power which they so longed, under the Hasmonean dynasty, although this period marks both rise and fall of the three nations involve, its most important contribution in human civilizations was the spread of Hellenism, which unfeignedly brought not only economic benefits, but also culturally and socially, and the developments of sports. Hellenism has brought much contribution that even the generation of today is benefiting.The many borrowed words that help us understand meanings of the fast events are just one of the many benefits of Hellenization. Hellenization therefore symbolizes the hegemony of the Greek nation as well as Alexanders desire to rule the world in peace and in prosperity as by acculturation and assimilation, it would have mean no boundaries or no enemies, rather it promotes unity and cooperation among nations. The blessings of democracy that we now enjoy may be compare to the blessings of Hellenism had Alexander livelonger.