The Rationale of Equity Indexation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Rationale of Equity Indexation - Essay ExampleCapital foodstuff transactions ar deemed efficient in the absence of intermediaries except for brokers who put buyers and sellers together and get a small commission, making the deal almost frictionless.With transaction costs negligible, the only real factor that determines the original price of a stock should be the net present value of its incoming notes precipitates in the form of dividends and, assuming the company lasts long enough, groovy gains when the stock is sold at a future date. After all, a stock is nothing else but a claim to a companys future cash flows, and that its price indicates its net present value given the amount of cash it would generate over a future period of time (Graham, 1984).A companys cash flow is affected by several factors, such(prenominal) as business prospects, management quality, the economys over-all performance, and the companys past performance. If these sets of information are known, comp uting for free cash flow looks relatively straightforward, and using a discount rate, the stocks present value can be easily calculated. If the food mart price is lower than the present value, the stock is bought. Otherwise, if one is holding the stock, it is sold.The low transaction costs of capital markets... Beating the market means that an investor cannot generate a rate of return from investing in the equities market that is above the rate of return of the whole market. The rate of return of the whole market is measured by looking at the rates of return of a basketball hoop of equities that is representative of the whole market of equities. This basket consists of stocks of companies of different sizes and from different industry sectors from amongst the list of all companies traded in the capital market, say in the capital of the United Kingdom Stock Exchange. Using a formula that takes into account market capitalisation, historical share prices, and other considerations, th e pecuniary authorities determine which stocks to include. The stock prices of these stocks in the basket are mathematically added up to come up with the index that reflects the behaviour of the market as a whole. There are several indices formulated for the capital of the United Kingdom Stock Exchange by an indexing company called FTSE International Ltd., an affiliate of the Financial Times Ltd., a U.K.-based firm. Amongst the indices monitored by FTSE are the FTSE All-shares (688 stocks), FTSE 100 (102 stocks), FTSE 250 (250 stocks), and the FTSE SmallCap (336 stocks) indices (FTSE ASWB, 2005). At the end of each trading day, FTSE adds the prices of the stocks in each of these indices and wherefore publishes the results.Under the assumption that the market is efficient and that it is not possible to beat the markets, an investor can decide to soak up an equity index strategy, which consists of buying a basket of stocks in the same proportion as they are included in the basket o f stocks used to calculate an index. Several fund management firms have do the job of investing easier by developing funds that